Effective digital learning provides multiple pathways to improved student outcomes.
Approach to Curriculum. Researchers in learning science emphasize that the “active ingredient” of online learning is not the technology platform. Experts agree that the effect of instruction on learning depends on the curriculum, the instructional methods, and the quality of staff.
It is thought that online and blended learning achieve their effect indirectly through technology insofar as technology enables large scale implementation of personalized, adaptive learning methods such as intelligent tutoring, online guided discovery learning, ability of students to pursue curriculum at their own pace. Technology enables these things but technology itself is not the reason for effectiveness. A district can’t merely put computers in front of children. Success depends on the knowledge and talent of staff who implement an effective learning program.
Geographical Factors. Rural students with lack of access to mainstream or upper-level coursework (blended learning) sometimes fail to thrive due to the sheer unavailability of coursework. Some of online learning’s effectiveness stems from increased availability of curriculum.
Student Characteristics. Many students prefer technology for learning, homework, and time management. Success depends on psychological factors such as self-regulation, resilience, and self-efficacy.
